Types of EV Chargers

EV Battery Voltage & Battery Capacity

• In this article, two wheelers, three wheelers and four wheelers battery voltage and battery capacity, types of EV Charger and methods of charging is given. 
• The details of electrical vehicle battery voltage, battery capacity for two-wheel, three wheel and four wheel is given below.

Types of vehicles	Battery voltage	Battery capacity ( kwh )
E – Two Wheelers	48 – 72 V	1.2 – 3.3
E – Three Wheelers	48 – 60 V	3.6 – 8
E – Cars ( 1st generation )	72 V	21
E – Cars ( 2nd generation	30 – 80 V	30 – 80

 

Types of EV Charger

• There are two types of chargers : AC Charger and DC Chargers
• The capacity of the AC chargers from 2 kW to 22 kW and that of DC charger is from 2 kW to 200 kW + DC.

Types of AC Chargers	Types of DC Chargers
3 Pin	CHAdeMo
Type 1	Combo 2
Type 2	Type 2
Modes 1 to 3	Mode 4

 

Methods of Charging

• The supply to battery pack is done by direct current. 
• The AC supply is first converted in to DC in order to supply to battery. 
• In the case of AC Electrical vehicle supply equipment ( EVSE ), the AC power is given to the on-board charger of the Electrical Vehicle which converts it to DC.
• Similarly, DC Electrical vehicle supply equipment ( EVSE ) supply DC Power directly to the battery, bypassing onboard charger. 

Mode 1 Charging

• It is also known as dumb charging. 
• It also permits no communication between Electrical vehicle and Electrical vehicle supply equipment

Mode 2 Charging

• The mode 2 charging is used for home charging and it has inbuilt protection and control capability.

Mode 3 & 4 Charging

• These types of chargers provide separate charger device to supply power to electrical vehicles. 
• It has improved control systems and it is used for commercial / public charging.

EVSE Power Levels

charging	Power level	Current Type	Types of EV
Normal power	≤ 7 kW, 7 kW ≤ P ≤ 22 kW	AC & DC	2 Wheels, 3 Wheels, 4 Wheels ( upto 1 tons )
High power	22 kW ≤ P ≤ 50 kW 50 kW ≤ P ≤ 200 kW	DC	LCVs and MCVs ( 1 tons to 6 tons

 

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