Types of Substation

Sub station

• It is a part of power system in which termination of transmission or distribution line and housing of switch gear and other electrical equipment including transformer. 
• There are following types of substations.

Switching substation

• It is a substation which includes switch gear and bus bar but not included power transformers.

Transformer substation

• It is a substation which contain power transformer interconnecting two / more networks of different voltage level.

Step up substation

• It is a substation in which outgoing power from the transformer is at higher voltage than the incoming power.

Step down substation

• It is a substation in which outgoing power from the transformer is at lower voltage level than the incoming power.

Converter substation

• It is a substation in which alternating current is converted into direct current and vice versa.

Traction substation

• It is a substation whose function is to supply traction system.

Frequency converter substation

• It is a substation in which AC current at one frequency is converted into another frequency ( higher or lower than normal frequency ).

Ring substation

• It is a substation in which bus bar is formed closed loop with dis-connectors in series within the closed loop.

Mesh substation

• It is a substation in which bus bar is formed closed loop with circuit breaker in series with the closed loop.

Single bus bar substation

• It is a substation in which lines and transformers are connected to single bus bar only.

Double bus bar substation

• It is a bus bar in which lines and transformers are connected to two bus bars by means of bus bar selector switches.

Triple bus bar substation

• It is a bus bar in which lines and transformers are connected to three bus bars by means of bus bar selector switches.

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