Load curve
- It is a graphical representation of load ( x – axis ) versus time ( y – axis ).
A load curve for small industry A is given as below.
We can get following information from the load curve.
- Load at any time duration
- Maximum demand of load
- Minimum load for a given duration
- Average load of a given duration
- Numbers of units consumption for a given duration
- Connected load
- Demand factor
- Diversity factor
- Load factor
- Base load
- Peak load
A load of certain industry for a given time duration is given as below.
|
Time |
1
PM to 2 PM |
2 PM to 3 PM |
3 PM to 4 PM |
4
PM to 5 PM |
5
PM to 6 PM |
6
PM to 7 PM |
7
PM to 8 PM |
8
PM to 9 PM |
|
Load ( kW ) |
10 |
25 |
25 |
5 |
15 |
17.5 |
20 |
25 |
Draw load duration curve and find out
( a ) Maximum demand
( b ) Diversity factor
( c ) Area under the load curve
( d ) Average demand
( e ) Load factor
( f ) Demand factor
Solution
( a ) Maximum demand = 25 kW
( b ) Sum of all load demand for given hour durations
= 10 + 25
+ 25 + 5 + 15 + 17.5 + 20 + 25
= 142.5 kW
Diversity factor
= Sum of all load demand / Maximum demand
= 142.5 / 25
= 5.7
( c ) Units consumption for a given time duration ( 1
PM to 9 PM )
Area of load curve
= ( 10 )( 1 ) + ( 25 )( 2 ) + ( 5 )( 1 ) + ( 15 )( 1 )
+ ( 17.5 )( 1 ) +
( 20 )( 1 ) +
( 25 )( 1 )
= 142.5
( d ) Average demand
= Unit consumption / Time ( hour )
= 142.5 / 8
= 17.81 kW
( e ) Load factor
= ( Average demand / Maximum demand ) × 100
= ( 17.81 / 25 ) × 100
= 71.24%
( f ) Demand factor
= Maximum demand / Connected load
= 25 / 142.5
= 0.1754
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