Describe the function of the counter.
Function of the counter
The function of the
counter is to count pulses.
It consists of set of
flip flops whose state changes according to input to the counter.
How the counter is classified?
The counter may be
Synchronous
Asynchronous
Which is the
simplest type of counter? Why?
Simplest counter
The asynchronous counter is the simplest type
of counter because it is easy to design and requires least hardware for design
of it.
Give the reason : The flip flops do not change the
states at same time in the ripple counter.
The flip flops do not change the states at the
same time in the ripple counter because all the flip flops are not triggered
simultaneously.
Describe the disadvantage of the asynchronous counter.
Which counter is used to overcome this disadvantage?
Disadvantage of Asynchronous counter
There is unwanted spike generated in the
asynchronous counter. This disadvantage is carried out by using parallel
counter.
Why the asynchronous counter is also called as ripple
counter?
Ripple counter
The transition from first stage ripple through
the last to the last stage is done via various inter – mediates stages.
Why the asynchronous counter is called as serial
counters?
Serial counter
All the flip flops do not change state
simultaneously in the asynchronous counter therefore it is called as serial
counter.
Why the synchronous counter is called as Parallel
counter?
Parallel counter
All the flip flops change its state simultaneously
in the synchronous counter therefore it is called as parallel counter.
Which counter is also known as series counter?
Ripple counter
Why the synchronous counter is faster than the
asynchronous counter?
The synchronous counter is faster than the
asynchronous counter because of the synchronous counter has less propagation
delay than that of asynchronous counter.
Explain the term : UP counter and DOWN counter
UP counter
It is a counter which counts in the upward direction i.e. 1, 2, 3……N
DOWN counter
It is a counter which counts in the downward
direction i.e. n, n – 1, n – 2 …..1, 0.
Explain the
term : State of the counter, Modulus of the counter, Full modulus counter
State of the counter
Each count of the counter is called as the state of the counter.
Modulus of the counter
It is defined as the
number of states through the counter passes before it comes to its starting
state.
The 3 bit counter has 8 states and it is called as divide by 8 counter.
Full modulus counter
It is defined as the counter which goes
all the possible states before restarting.
Explain the
term : Variable modulus counter, Terminal counter, Divide by N counter
Variable modulus counter
It is counter in which the maximum number of states changed.
Terminal counter
It is defined as the final state of the
counter.
Divide
by N counter
The mode N counter
divides the input frequency by N therefore it is called as divide by N counter.
i.e. mode 4 counter divides the input frequency by 4
What do you mean by mod – 16 counters?
Mod – 16 counter
It is a 4 bit counter which has 16 states.
What is meaning of the counter is shortened modulus?
Shortened modulus
It is a counter which does not utilize all its states. The some of the states are invalid or unutilized.
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